Is food gives us energy?
Yes, food gives us energy to work and play. It also
provides other materials to grow, to form new cells in the body and to repair
cells or tissues which may have been damaged.
What is nutrition?
It is the process of getting energy from food and
the food we eat is called nutrient.
Define Carbohydrates?
Things like glucose, sugar and starch are known as
carbohydrates.
Define proteins?
Proteins are needed to build muscles, bones and
other tissues. They are also required for growth and repair of damaged cells.
Proteins are obtained from such foods as milk, meat, poultry, eggs, fish and
pulses.
What are minerals?
Minerals are the substances that are needed in the
formation of new cells and tissues. We get most of our minerals from meat,
grains, vegetables, fruits, milks, eggs and sea food. In fact minerals play an
important role in our growth. Their absence causes various disease and deformities.
What are vitamins?
Vitamins are chemical compounds needed by the body
in very small quantities. Vitamins are essential for proper growth and
functioning of the body. Their deficiency causes diseases such as night
blindness, scurvy and beri-beri.
How many parts of the brain?
The human brain is consist of three parts. These
are:
1. Cerebrum
or Fore brain
2. Cerebellum
or Mid brain
3. Medulla
Oblongata or Hind brain
Cerebrum (Fore brain) This is the
largest part of the brain and divided into two halves called cerebral
hemispheres. It is composed of deeply folded delicate nerve tissues. The outer
part of the cerebrum is composed of grey matter. The central part is composed
white matter which is made up of banks of nerve fibres.
Work The cerebrum does most of the thinking and
co-ordinates activities of the body.
Cerebellum (Mid brain) This part of
brain is much smaller than the cerebrum and is deeply folded.
Work The cerebellum performs the balancing function of
the body.
Medulla Oblongata (Hind brain) This is a
small elongated part of the brain which links the spinal cord with the brain.
Work This part of brain controls the rate of breathing,
the heart and circulation of blood and digestion of food.
What is spinal cord?
The spinal cord is located inside the vertebrate of
the backbone which receives impulses from organs through nerves and sends them
to the brain. It also controls reflex actions which do not involve the brain.
It gives off 31 pairs of spinal nerves which ultimately form a complex network
in the body.
What are neurons?
Nerve cells called neurons. The human body contains
billion of nerve cells. All neurons have a body which possessive a nucleus and
a long nerve fibre called axon. The cell body gives off branches called
dendrites. Neurons can be as long as one metre in some parts of the body. Many
nerve fibres join together to form a nerve which can be seen with the naked eye.
What is reflex action?
The action that takes place without involving the
brain is called reflex action. It is an involuntary action.
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